SOCIALSCI JOURNAL

Prologue to the extraordinary issue on "Worldwide shipper dispatching in the 21st century: Social science viewpoints

Published: 30-Jun-2021

Abstract

This special issue brings together scholars from many social disciplines to discuss the sociological, socio-technical, psychological, and health-related elements of living and working on board today's international commerce boats. The majority of the articles are based on talks given at the Visby Maritime Symposium, “International Merchant Shipping in the Twenty-First Century: Social Science Perspectives on Opportunities and Challenges,” which took place in Visby, Sweden on the 10th–12th of October 2018. This introduction outlines some of the contributions' key themes and takeaways.

Introduction

The Symposium's goal was to bring together experts from many fields of social science to present their current research and analyse changes in the shipping sector and their influence on individuals who work there. The Symposium's presentations showcased the breadth and depth of social science research in this field, both in terms of research methodologies (e.g., ethnography, survey research, register-based research, mathematical modelling) and topics. The presentations included subjects such as leadership, cooperation, trust, identity, and security, as well as day-to-day living and work on board. Many of the presentations focused on safety on board as well as various areas of health and welfare.

Peter Swift (Director of Ardmore Shipping Corporation and Vice Chairman of the Sailors' Society, United Kingdom), Tommy Olofsen (Chief Commercial Officer, OSM Maritime Group, Norway), and Vaughan Pomeroy (former Technical Director, Lloyd's Register, United Kingdom) delivered keynote addresses that provided insightful perspectives on current and future developments in the shipping industry. These topics included raising public and legislative awareness of environmental protection and sustainability, as well as the influence of digitalization and the development of various types of remotely operated, automated, and autonomous vessels. The keynote addresses also touched on issues that affect seafarers and shore-based personnel in the industry, such as challenges in maritime education and training, the need for small-group collaboration, technology-mediated collaboration among people in different locations, and welfare implications.

Survey of the past summative investigations into advanced based arithmetic mediations

The Various meta-logical examinations have been distributed for the most part announcing the results of computerized based math intercessions for ordinarily accomplishing students (for example Li and Ma, 2010; Kulik, 1994). A few examinations have detailed the consequences for understudies with learning handicaps (Jitendra et al., 2018; Kroesbergen and Van Luit, 2003; Li and Ma, 2010; Seo and Bryant, 2009) mental impediment (Kroesbergen and Van Luit, 2003; Mastropieri et al., 1991; Miller et al., 1998), and MD (Chodura et al., 2015; Kroesbergen and Van Luit, 2003). Their discoveries give blended ends in regards to the adequacy of advanced apparatuses in arithmetic instruction. In a portion of the examinations, the creators presumed that computerized based instruments were less viable than an educator in helping understudies with exceptional requirements (for example Kroesbergen and Van Luit, 2003), or that they didn't give efficient viable changes to the learning cycle (e.g Mastropieri et al., 1991; Seo and Bryant, 2009; Kulik, 1994). Then again, Li and Ma (2010) discovered measurably huge constructive outcomes of PC advancements on arithmetic accomplishment and bigger consequences for mediations for youngsters with extraordinary necessities contrasted with the impacts on broad instruction understudies. Likewise, Jitendra and partners additionally did a meta-investigation incorporating intercessions for understudies with numerical troubles and learning challenges in optional school (Jitendra et al., 2018). This examination announced that advanced based modules were more successful as contrasted and customary study hall guidance, however didn't give an extra benefit when contrasted with other informative methodologies (for example non-electronic visual modules). Observably, this load of discoveries arose out of assessments of uncommon requirements understudies introducing exceptionally heterogeneous troubles, incorporating for example understudies with low-IQ, different kinds of learning, physical, and enthusiastic inabilities, ADHD, dazzle, and so on, notwithstanding those with explicit numerical challenges. In any case, youngsters with learning handicaps overall and with numerical challenges specifically, might show distinctive learning profiles. As referenced above, formative dyscalculia - one of the center school scholarly incapacities may create in kids with typical IQ and without troubles in different spaces, abilities or capacities (Butterworth, 2019). Zeroing in on mediations focusing on kids with explicit troubles in the area of numbers may hence give some significant bits of knowledge to successful intercessions to these kids.

Future research

The In addition to individuals' interactions with technology, Strkersen and other writers in this special issue urge that social dynamics, which may give rise to unforeseen, emergent aspects of the human-technology system, should be considered. This could include how individuals utilise technology, how they adapt their behaviour to technology or (vice versa) how they adapt technology to meet their goals, and how they deal with circumstances where technology does not work as intended (cf. Jensen or an example in relation to digital connectivity, and Baumler et al. for an example regarding record keeping systems). Although these issues were beyond the focus of the Symposium and this special issue, they will have repercussions for education, training, and careers.

Another important topic for future research will be the influence of technological improvements on the health and welfare of those working in the maritime industry at sea and on land, as well as their families and communities. Previous study on wellbeing has mapped the occurrence of various illnesses, accidents, and deaths among sailors in relation to the overall population. However, as the current pandemic has demonstrated, seafarers are not only vital to international trade, but they are also reliant on national and international transportation and laws, such as for crew changes and access to shore-based services and supplies. As a result, the interplay of many actors and institutions in improving seafarers' health and well-being must be considered and improved.